The Status of “Waqf” as “Sadqāh Jārîyah” (Continuing Charity): A Model for Sustainable Social Development and Welfare
Keywords:
Waqf, Continuous Charity, Sustainability, Social Welfare, Islamic EconomyAbstract
Economic systems have played a key role in the formation and stability of human societies. Islam has provided a comprehensive financial framework, which also includes "Waqf” (endowment). “Waqf” is a voluntary but lasting practice that embodies the concept of ongoing charity.
This research paper examines the institution of “Waqf” (endowment) as a continuing charity and welfare work. The main objective of this study is to clarify that the concept of “Waqf” in the Islamic economy is not just a charitable act but a structured financial system. Despite the fact that the word “Waqf ” does not appear directly in the Holy Quran, its foundations are linked to the Qur’ānic principles of spending in the way of Allah and sacrifice. “Waqf” as a continuing charity is clearly established in the “Ahadeeth” and “Seerah” (PBUH) with many practical examples such as the endowment of the land of the Prophet's Mosque, the endowment of a well by Hazrat Usman Ghani (RA), and the endowment of the land of Khaybar by Hazrat Umar Farooq (RA).
During the era of the Holy Prophet and the era of the “Khulfa e Rashdin”, “Waqf” played a fundamental role in economic development and building social infrastructure. The Companions were pioneers in endowment of wells, educational institutions, and properties for the needs of the poor for welfare purposes.
This paper adopts the methodology of Analytical and Descriptive Study of Classical Literature Based on Quran, Hadith, Jurisprudence and Islamic History. Contemporary Islamic financial literature is also used to understand the performance of “Waqf” in the present era.
This research article examines the answers to the following research questions.
- What is the establishment of “waqf” in Islamic law (Sharia), its principles, and its status as a continuous charity?
- In the context of modern social challenges (poverty, health, education), how can “waqf” made effective for sustainable welfare purposes?
